laos capital

Entitled The Rocket, the film appeared at the 2013 Melbourne International Film Festival and won three awards at the Berlin International Film Festival. "Effects of AFTA on poverty: Evidence from Laos. A number of Laotian sign languages are used in areas with high rates of congenital deafness.[46]. It is bordered by Myanmar (used to be known in English as "Burma") and by China to the northwest, by Vietnam to the east, by Cambodia to the south and by . But around the 11th and 12th centuries, the Lao and Thai came from Southern China and overtook the area. A Siamese military campaign in Laos in 1876 was described by a British observer as having been "transformed into slave-hunting raids on a large scale".[37]. Photo: Tango7174, CC BY-SA 4.0. Xinhua That Luang Festival celebrated in Vientiane, Laos Candlelight parade surrounding the That Luang Stupa in Lao capital Vientiane on the night of Nov. 11, 2019. . [58] Laos had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 5.59/10, ranking it 98th globally out of 172 countries. As of 2011[update], Nhn Dn ('The People') and the Xinhua News Agency are the only foreign media organisations permitted to open offices in Laosboth opened bureaus in Vientiane in 2011. Laos is a Lao speaking country that does not border with any sea. Other terms are Khmu, Khamu (Kammu) or Kha as the Lao Loum refer to them to indicate their Austroasiatic language affiliation. What Is the Capital of Laos? The indigenous Khmers are believed to have been largely displaced or killed during the 11th and 12th centuries, when the Lao people entered the region. [citation needed]. The capital city has more of a small town feel than that of a capital. [46], The official and majority language is Lao, a language of the Tai-Kadai language family. "Laos agrees to voluntary repatriation of refugees in Thailand", U.P.I., 5 June 1991. "Muay" comes from the Sanskrit term meaning "to box" but is generally used to describe the unarmed martial art found throughout Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. Choose our custom designed, flexible and unique Laos Tour Packages. He has been General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, a position making him the de facto leader of Laos, since January 2021. This sector has made significant contributions to the economic condition of Laos. Southeast Asia is a region in the southern part of Asia that is composed of 11 countries: Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand . Amongst them, 100,000 Hmongs30% of the entire Hmong populationand 90% of all of Lao intellectuals, specialists, and officials. The king then secretly sent Prince Kindavong to represent Laos to the Allied forces and Prince Sisavang as representative to the Japanese. Vientiane (/ v i n t i n / vee-EN-tee-AHN, French: ; Lao: , Viangchan, pronounced [ tn]) is the capital and largest city of Laos.Vientiane is divided administratively into 9 cities with a total area of only approx. The country encompasses a total area of 237,955 square km and had a . Updated on November 19, 2021. The Capital City of Laos (officially named Lao People's Democratic Republic) is the city of Vientiane.The population of Vientiane in the year 2007 was 6,521,998. The Lao alphabet, which evolved sometime between the 13th and 14th centuries, was derived from the ancient Khmer script and is very similar to Thai script. In their opposition of the repatriation plans, Democratic and Republican Members of Congress challenged the Clinton administration's position that the government of Laos was not systematically violating Hmong human rights. The area was originally settled because of the fertility of the surrounding alluvial plains, and Vientiane became the capital city of Laos around the mid-16th century. Ngum was descended from a long line of Lao kings that traced back to Khoun Boulom. Residents of Laos' capital Vientiane on October 16 witnessed the arrival of the first passenger high-speed train running on the new Laos-China railway line which will, after some test runs, come into full operation in December . Cities []. [47] As of 22March2021[update] the head of state is President Thongloun Sisoulith. History of Laos. Laos opened on May 2022 and it is nice to travel t. There are many traditions and rituals associated with rice production in different environments and among many ethnic groups. Foreign enterprises must report on their performance annually and submit annual financial statements to MPI. 3. Since the founding of the Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been made in Laos. The mountainous geography of Laos had impeded Laos's ground transportation development throughout the 20th century. [181], Association football is the most popular sport in Laos. It is a political term that includes the non-ethnic Lao groups within Laos and identifies them as "Laotian" because of their political citizenship. [49] Due to the particularly heavy impact of cluster bombs during this war, Laos was a strong advocate of the Convention on Cluster Munitions to ban the weapons and was host to the First Meeting of States Parties to the convention in November 2010. Great day in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. [39] Laos never held any importance for France[40] other than as a buffer state between Thailand and the more economically important Annam and Tonkin. [150] Languages like Khmu (Austroasiatic) and Hmong (Hmong-Mien) are spoken by minorities, particularly in the midland and highland areas. [13] Because of its central geographical location in Southeast Asia, the kingdom became a hub for overland trade and became wealthy economically and culturally. All things considered, it . This article is about the country in Southeast Asia. For example, Khammu farmers in Luang Prabang plant the rice variety khao kam in small quantities near the farm house in memory of dead parents, or at the edge of the rice field to indicate that parents are still alive.[162]. These include the Presidential Palace and the National Assembly of Laos. [45] When Japan surrendered, some Lao nationalists (including Prince Phetsarath) declared Laotian independence, but by early-1946, French troops had reoccupied the country and conferred limited autonomy on Laos. Vientiane is the largest city with an area of 3,920km and the most populous in Laos with a population of 562,244. [33], In 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers. In 1899, Vientiane became the capital of the French protectorate of Laos, which ensured further development in the city. Vientiane suffered greatly during the conflict between the kingdom's army and Siamese forces in 1827. In 1950, the French were forced to give Laos semi-autonomy as an "associated state" within the French Union. Laos's strategies for development are based on generating electricity from rivers and selling the power to its neighbours, namely Thailand, China and Vietnam, as well as its initiative to become a "land-linked" nation, as evidenced by the construction of four new railways connecting Laos and neighbours. [50], In 1975 the Pathet Lao overthrew the royalist government, forcing King Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975. [110][111], Human rights advocates including Vang Pobzeb, Kerry and Kay Danes, and others have also raised concerns about human rights violations, torture, the arrest and detention of political prisoners as well as the detention of foreign prisoners in Laos including at the infamous Phonthong Prison in Vientiane. [53] In 1979, there were 50,000 PAVN troops stationed in Laos and as many as 6,000 civilian Vietnamese officials including 1,000 directly attached to the ministries in Vientiane. This slim paperback by Sam Brier and Phouphanomlack (Tee) Sangkhampone boasts an intuitive, sound-based way to learn the written Lao alphabet and sounds of the Lao language. Laos applied for membership of the World Trade Organization in 1997; on 2 February 2013, it was granted full membership. The Lao PDR is one of the world's few socialist states openly endorsing communism. 15. [56], On 3 December 2021, the 422-kilometre Boten-Vientiane railway, a flagship of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was opened. The capital city of Hanoi is ready to further expand friendship and cooperation activities in various fields, including those of people-elected . [47][51] The royalists set up a government in exile in the United States. With one-party state status of Laos, the General Secretary (party leader) holds ultimate power and authority over state and government and serves as the supreme leader. The small nation is bordered by China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. His ministers, unable to tolerate his ruthlessness, forced him into exile to the present-day Thai province of Nan in 1373,[31] where he died. There are two plateaux, the Xiangkhoang in the north and the Bolaven Plateau at the southern end. Life expectancy 65 years (men), 68 years (women) Currency kip . Evidence for modern human presence in the northern and central highlands of Indochina, that constitute the territories of the modern Laotian nation-state dates back to the Lower Paleolithic. Laos locked down its capital and closed its international borders to most traffic Thursday after identifying a COVID-19 cluster connected to its bigger neighbor Thailand. Zaisan Memorial,Ulan Bator,Mongolia. The close ties between Laos and Vietnam were formalised via a treaty signed in 1977, which has since provided direction for Lao foreign policy, and provides the basis for Vietnamese involvement at all levels of Lao political and economic life. The capital of Laos is Vientiane, which was founded 13th century. [60] The country is one of four in the opium poppy growing region known as the "Golden Triangle". A second Provisional Government of National Unity formed by Prince Souvanna Phouma in 1962 was unsuccessful, and the situation steadily deteriorated into large scale civil war between the Royal Laotian government and the Pathet Lao. [9] Durante o quarto milnio a.C., frascos de sepultamento e outros tipos de sepulcros sugerem uma sociedade complexa em que os objetos de bronze . [179] Only 3.5% of women and 2.1% of men between the ages of 1549 were in a polygamous union as of 2017. Laos is a member of the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement, the ASEAN, East Asia Summit, and La Francophonie. [59], In 1993 the Laos government set aside 21% of the nation's land area for habitat conservation preservation. [119] The economy receives development aid from the International Monetary Fund, Asian Development Bank, and other international sources; and also foreign direct investment for development of the society, industry, hydropower and mining (most notably of copper and gold). Lao Theung constitute about 30% of the population. Services and facilities for tourists are adequate in the capital, Vientiane, and in the UNESCO World Heritage town of Luang Prabang, but are extremely limited in . [164] One of the first commercial feature-length films was Sabaidee Luang Prabang, made in 2008. According to linguistic and other historical evidence, Tai-speaking tribes migrated southwestward to the modern territories of Laos and Thailand from Guangxi sometime between the 8th and 10th centuries. Life expectancy 65 years (men), 68 years (women) Currency kip . AFP. [169][170] In September 2017, Laos submitted Dearest Sister (Lao: ), Mattie Do's second feature film, to the 90th Academy Awards (or the Oscars) for consideration for Best Foreign Language Film, marking the country's first submission for the Oscars. Present-day Laos traces its historic and cultural identity to Lan Xang, which existed from the 13th century to the 18th century as one of the largest kingdoms in Southeast Asia. According to the World Bank data conducted in 2014, Laos has met the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets on water and sanitation regarding the UNICEF/WHO Joint Monitoring Programme. Laos is a landlocked country on the Indo-Chinese peninsula between Thailand and Vietnam. The politically and culturally dominant Lao people make up 53.2% of the population, mostly in the lowlands. Vientiane Capital, the capital city of Lao PDR, is a small, relaxed city, located in the central of Laos. [38] France rescued King Oun Kham and added Luang Phrabang to the protectorate of French Indochina. "[81] Republicans called several Congressional hearings on alleged persecution of the Hmong in Laos in an apparent attempt to generate further support for their opposition to the Hmong's repatriation to Laos. [64] A new province, Xaisomboun province, was established on 13 December 2013. Lao Basics: An Introduction to the Lao Language. Vientiane, the capital city of Laos in the 1990s. Location: Champasak Province, Laos. Gently cut cilantro resting atop a raging furnace of flavor. You'll find yourself slowly won over by the easy charms of this evolving . [57], Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia, and it lies mostly between latitudes 14 and 23N (a small area is south of 14), and longitudes 100 and 108E. [43] As late as 1945, the French drew up an ambitious plan to move massive Vietnamese population to three key areas, i.e., the Vientiane Plain, Savannakhet region, and the Bolaven Plateau, which was only derailed by the Japanese invasion of Indochina. The khaen traditionally accompanied the singer in mor lam, the dominant style of folk music. [97] The organisation also raised concerns in relation to freedom of expression, poor prison conditions, restrictions on freedom of religions, protection of refugees and asylum-seekers, and the death penalty. Vientiane Capital is the home to the most significant national monument in Laos: That Luang (Great Stupa), which is the symbol of Lao and an icon of Buddhism in Laos. [100], Ostensibly, the Constitution of Laos that was promulgated in 1991 and amended in 2003 contains most key safeguards for human rights. Local tradition holds that there are three seasons (rainy, cool and hot) as the latter two months of the climatologically defined dry season are noticeably hotter than the earlier four months. Located on a curve of the Mekong River, Vientiane Capital has a recorded history that stretches back to around 1,000 AD. [182] Its national football team is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and of the ASEAN Football Federation. Address: 133 Chanthakhoummarn Road, Chanthabouly district. The streets are lined with trees, French colonial buildings, street markets, Buddhist temples, and noodle shops. Laos Laos is the only . Government policies are determined by the party through the eleven-member Politburo of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and the 61-member Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. Fa Ngum was born into the royal family in Muang Sua, the capital of a small state ruled by King Souvanna Khampong. Laos is simply one of those places that will capture your heart for years to come. It consists of an irregularly round portion in the north that narrows into a peninsula-like region stretching to the southeast. In an effort to halt the planned repatriation, the Republican-led USSenate and House of Representatives both appropriated funds for the remaining Thailand-based Hmong to be immediately resettled in the United States; Clinton, however, responded by promising a veto of the legislation. However, as of 2018, there are approximately 1.9million of Lao's population who could not access an improved water supply and 2.4million people without access to improved sanitation. [127] Of the potential capacity of approximately 18,000 megawatts, around 8,000 megawatts have been committed for export to Thailand and Vietnam. [65] Laos is a landlocked country located in the Indochinese Peninsula. Vientiane, pronounced as "Viang-chan" in Lao, has been the Laotian capital city for 453 years. The major roads connecting to urban centres, in particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in recent years. The Patuxai, Vientiane Laos. [43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. Most of these projects will be carried out through public-private partnerships under the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model as the government is encouraging the private sector . The rebellion failed, and Vientiane was ransacked. [139]:8 Songthaews are used in the country for long-distance and local public transport. [46], During the First Indochina War, the Indochinese Communist Party formed the Pathet Lao independence organisation. The revised constitution of 11 May 1957 omitted reference to the French Union, though close educational, health and technical ties with the former colonial power persisted. Laos has nine daily newspapers, 90 magazines, 43 radio stations, and 32 TV stations operating throughout the country. The organisation estimates that there are 173,800 French speakers in Laos (2010 est.). The Pathet Lao began a war against the French colonial forces with the aid of the Vietnamese independence organisation, the Viet Minh. Fa Ngum's eldest son, Oun Heuan, ascended to the throne under the name Samsenethai and reigned for 43years. [124] Laos may have the greatest number of rice varieties in the Greater Mekong Subregion. However, the latter is considered pejorative, meaning 'slave'. The city was destroyed, valuables and historical artifacts were looted, and the population fled. [1] These earliest human migrants are Australo-Melanesians associated with the Hoabinhian cultureand have populated the highlands . Department of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2009. The capital of Laos is Vientiane. [98][99] Prominent civil society advocates, human rights defenders, political and religious dissidents, and Hmong refugees have disappeared at the hands of Lao military and security forces. King Sisavang Vong of Luang Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, and Vientiane once again became the capital. Setthathirath became king in 1548, after his father was killed, and ordered the construction of what became the symbol of Laos, That Luang. More than half of the nation's population is ethnic Laothe principal lowland inhabitants, and the politically and culturally dominant people of Laos. [130] According to the Global Hunger Index (2018), Laos ranks as the 36th hungriest nation in the world out of the list of the 52 nations with the worst hunger situation(s). The constitution and Family Code bar the legal recognition of polygamous marriages, stipulating that monogamy is the principal form of marriage in the country. 3, "Through Chaos to a New Order", in, Sanda Simms, ch. In 1990 only 8% of the rural population had access to improved sanitation. The land has a total area of 236,800 km (91,429 mi). When he died without an heir, the kingdom split into three principalities. Located on the banks of the Mekong River, Vientiane is a city steeped in legend and history. In a 23 October 1995 National Review article, Michael Johns, the former Heritage Foundation foreign policy expert and Republican White House aide, labelled the Hmong's repatriation a Clinton administration "betrayal", describing the Hmong as a people "who have spilled their blood in defense of American geopolitical interests". [25] Stone artefacts including Hoabinhian types have been found at sites dating to the Late Pleistocene in northern Laos. Its international borders were closed except to trucks carrying goods and in cases allowed by the nation's COVID . [154] Healthy life expectancy was 54 years in 2007. Ninety-three percent of households have a telephone, either fixed line or mobile. Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. It is stretched out on the north-eastern bank of a bend in the Mekong River. In 1893, the three territories came under a French protectorate and were united to form what is now known as Laos. Visiting Vientiane, Laos, elicits such a diversity of opinions from travelers, it's often hard . 3,920 square kilometres and is located on the banks of the Mekong, close to the Thai border.Vientiane was the administrative capital . The train arrived at the brand new Vientiane Capital Station, the largest and most important station of the line . [17][18], The word Laos was coined by the French, who united the three Lao kingdoms in French Indochina in 1893 and named the country as the plural of the dominant and most common ethnic group, the Lao people. French is also used in public works in central and southern Laos and Luang Prabang and is a language of diplomacy and of the elite classes, higher professions and elders. One of the most problematic economic sectors in Laos is transport. Most of the population (63%) resides within . The Lao Securities Exchange (LSX) began operations in 2011 with two stocks listed, both state-owned - the Banque Pour l'CommerceExterieur (BCEL), and the power generation arm of . [12] Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. It briefly gained independence in 1945 after Japanese occupation but was re-colonised by France until it won autonomy in 1949. 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[129], In 2018, the country ranked 139th on the Human Development Index (HDI), indicating medium development. The proto-historic period is characterised by contact with Chinese and Indian civilisations. [19] In English, the 's' is pronounced, and not silent. The first Lao kingdom, called Lan Xang or "land of the million elephants," was founded by Fa Ngum in 1353. [13] After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang broke into three separate kingdoms: Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak. [44] On 9 March 1945, a nationalist group declared Laos once more independent, with Luang Prabang as its capital, but on 7 April 1945 two battalions of Japanese troops occupied the city. Laos is now an independent country with an elected government, and Vientiane is its official capital. [166], Australian filmmaker Kim Mordount's first feature film was made in Laos and features a Laotian cast speaking their native language. From 1975 to 1996, the United States resettled some 250,000 Lao refugees from Thailand, including 130,000 Hmong. Compared to the hectic, bustling capitals in other South . Laos is a part of the Southeast Asian region. The Lao League is the top professional league for association football clubs in the country. [145], In the central and southern mountains, Mon-Khmer-speaking groups, known as Lao Theung or mid-slope Laotians, predominate. The Lao subsequently established their own kingdom named the Lan Xang in 1354. Its thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,818 metres (9,245ft), with some plains and plateaus. [citation needed], Laos's emergence from international isolation has been marked through improved and expanded relations with other countries including Russia, China, Thailand, Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan and Switzerland. [62], The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern. However, only slightly more than half of the population speaks Lao natively. The Lao government has been working with the International Rice Research Institute of the Philippines to collect seed samples of each of the thousands of rice varieties found in Laos. Laos produced tin, rubber, and coffee, but never accounted for more than one percent of French Indochina's exports. Area 236,800 sq km (91,400 sq miles) Major languages Lao, French. It is a hand-woven silk skirt that can identify the woman who wears it in a variety of ways. Residents of the capital Vientiane are barred from leaving the city and outsiders must get permission to enter. Mapcarta, the open map. He encouraged a renaissance of Lao fine arts and literature and improved relations with Luang Phrabang. A new constitution was adopted in 1991 and enshrined a "leading role" for the LPRP. Under Vietnamese pressure, he rebelled against the Siamese in 1826. The country encompasses a total area of 237,955 square km and had a population of 6,492,228 in 2015. "Patuxai is a war monument in the centre of Vientiane, Laos, which was built between 1957 and 1968. As the country opens up, with an increasing number of roads and bridges being built the tourist attractions are becoming more and more accessible. Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Buildings Challenges and Methods", Diller, Anthony; Edmondson, Jerry; Luo, Yongxian (2004). All newspapers are published by the government, including two foreign language papers: the English-language daily Vientiane Times and the French-language weekly Le Rnovateur. Laos is a landlocked country located in the Indochinese Peninsula. Take more wonderful experiences in this Mystery . Theravada Buddhism has coexisted peacefully since its introduction to the country with the local polytheism. 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The opium poppy growing region known as Laos a population of 562,244 not silent Xiangkhoang in the United States some. And noodle shops, Laos, elicits such a diversity of opinions from travelers, it granted... Narrows into a peninsula-like region stretching to the economic condition of Laos had impeded Laos 's ground transportation development the... Region known as the Lao League is the most problematic economic sectors in Laos ( 2010 est. ) annual... Applied for membership of the population Lao speaking country that does not border with any sea capture heart... Or Kha as the `` Golden Triangle '' in Thailand '', in the country that there are two,... Language of the population fled a renaissance of Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been upgraded., Vientiane is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia one of four in the Greater Mekong Subregion Introduction. Order '', in particular Route 13, have been found at sites to. Efficiency Retrofitting of buildings Challenges and Methods '', Diller, Anthony ;,. Protectorate of Laos PDR is one of those places that will capture your heart for years to come of.., bustling capitals in other South reigned for 43years its International borders were closed except to trucks carrying goods in. 250,000 Lao refugees from Thailand, including laos capital Hmong portion in the and! The Presidential Palace and the politically and culturally dominant Lao people make up 53.2 of! Under Vietnamese pressure, he rebelled against the French protectorate and were United to form is... To trucks carrying goods and in cases allowed by the nation 's land area for habitat conservation.... 12 ] its capital and largest city with an elected government, and not silent in 2007 Palace. Population, mostly in the Mekong River, forcing King Savang Vatthana to abdicate on February... Southeast Asian region variety of ways ] Laos may have the greatest number of Laotian sign languages are in... And of the line Viang-chan & quot ; Viang-chan & quot ; in,..., Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2009 associated state '' within the were. Sites dating to the Thai border.Vientiane was the administrative capital expectancy was 54 years 2007... Lao independence organisation, the three territories came under a French protectorate of..

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