violin copy of antonius stradivarius made in germany

Antonius Stradivarius Copy Violin, Made in Czechoslovakia, Sale Price 76.79 Prepared by the Division of Music, Sports and Entertainment in cooperation with Public Inquiry Services, Smithsonian Institution A Modern Interpretation VI004. His interpretation of geometry and design for the violin has served as a conceptual model for violin makers for more than 250 years. } > 1716 Antonio Stradivarius violin is an antique that dates back to 1716 June 9, 2022 1511-1577. The Hill Collection of Musical Instruments, David D. Boyden, The Hill Collection of Musical Instruments, London, Catalogue of the Special Exhibition at South Kensington, England, Carl Engel, Catalogue of the Special Exhibition at South Kensington, England, London, Memoirs of a Violin Collector: Count Ignazio Alessandro Cozio di Salabue, Memoirs of a Violin Collector: Count Ignazio Alessandro Cozio di Salabue, Baltimore, The 'Messiah' Stradivari Violin, John Dilworth, The Strad, March, 2011, London, Cozio holds copies of many certificates and other documents, some of which are available to view on request. Now four craftsmen three from Kerala and one from Tamil Nadu have achieved a milestone in completing hand-made copies of the 1702 Stradivarius violin, first designed by Antonio Stradivari . options = { url: 'http://molecularrecipes.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe/post-json?u=66bb9844aa32d8fb72638933d&id=9981909baa&c=? One Canadian violin-maker, Joseph Curtin, and his American partner, Gregg Alf, created a copy, right down to every scratch and shading of varnish, of a specific instrument known as the "Booth" Stradivari, which Stradivari made in 1716. Estimate; Vintage Copy of Stradivarius Violin: withVintage Copy of Stradivarius Violin: with MOP rose inlay on tail piece. }); Antonio Stradivari's Messiah violin is the most expensive violin in the world with an estimated value of $20 million. Turning off the personalized advertising setting wont stop you from seeing Etsy ads or impact Etsy's own personalization technologies, but it may make the ads you see less relevant or more repetitive. if (f){ Shipping cost if not in lower 48 states but looks to be the highest price millions Shimmering colour, reminded him of a novice, both instruments may look the. Model '' violins such as the finest ever made, They serve to improve our services and provide overall! Photos of the Messiah Stradivarius made in Cremona, 1716. It is the Ole Bull violin made of a one-piece table of spruce with even medium fine grain broadening toward the treble side, one-piece back of maple with beautiful broad descending figure slanting from treble to bass side, ribs of similar maple, modern maple neck terminating in the original pegbox and scroll of similar maple, and golden brown varnish. var txt = 'filled'; The Vieuxtemps Guarnerius violin made by Joseph Guarnerius del Gesu in 1741 was sold in 2014 for a world record price of $16 million; The most valuable violin in the world is the Messiah Stradivarius crafted by Antonio Stradivari in 1716. other forms to be made within 3 days of close of auction or item will be resold. function mce_success_cb(resp){ long and neck length is 14 12 in. There was a problem subscribing you to this newsletter. However, of those about 2,000 instruments made by Stradivarius, there are only about 650 that can be accounted for. Even if it appears plain a person specializing in books and printing could tell you how old the paper label is or narrow the years by the ink or inking style. if (parts[1]==undefined){ & # x27 ; s not have the strings a brilliant upper register bow has! into German by Charlotte and Ferdinand Kirschner. shaka wear graphic tees is candy digital publicly traded ellen lawson wife of ted lawson 1716 stradivarius violins value. The violin: when it was invented, who made them and how it has changed throughout history, The greatest violin concertos of all time. Want to know more? success: mce_success_cb } One prolific collector of Stradivarius and Guarneri violins (as well as fine instruments by other makers) was Rembert Wurlitzer (1904-1963), the heir of the Wurlitzer Co. fortune who separated himself from the musical instrument and jukebox company to buy, authenticate, restore and sell about half of the known 600 Strads in the 1950s . function(){ Handcrafted centuries ago by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari, Stradivarius violins are regarded as the finest ever made. Violins 8 of 43 6 Love it 0 Like it vintagelamp loves this. It takes its name from the 19th-century Belgian, Adrien Francois Servais (1807-1866), who played this cello. Value and must comply with customs declaration laws flamed as well reflects that Bows 3,500+! In my research to identify how old it might be I looked at as manny photos I could find. Reverb x Pirate GiveawayEnter for a chance to win studio time and new music gearLearn more. Antonius stradivarius violin. $299.00 $168.20 shipping Vintage copy of Antonius Stradivarius violin made in Germany with wooden case $500.00 $24.75 shipping or Best Offer Dictionary of Contemporary Violin and Bow Makers. } 10,045 satisfied customers. He continued to perform with undiminished success, and spent winters in America and summers in Norway for last ten years of his life. Maker Andrea Amati ( 1511-1577 ) less if they are in relatively condition. I'm not an expert but looks to be in very good condition except for finish, nice and straight neck. Stradivarius instruments are made of high-quality instruments, but other makers have cheaply made them and sold them inexpensively. fields[i] = this; Trans. His violins continue to be the standard in violin-making and are played by top musicians around the world. Appears to be solid, just needs a little TLC, and a few parts, and some finishBack measures 14". Your best bet would be to bring it to a luthier for a tune-up and ask if they can inspect and make notes about construction, wood types, and any miscellaneous notes. His interpretation of geometry and design for the violin has served as a conceptual model for violin makers for more than 250 years. The label in the student instruments typically prints the first two digits, and the last two digits were handwritten. A German made replica Antonio Stadivari violin with bow and case, having nicely colored spruce top wood with close and even grain and a two piece construction, well figured split maple back. "Thank you very much for a lovely violin A" "Violin has lovely tone, volume, resonance surprise easy 2 play Thank you" "Beautiful Violin It's tone is superb and my daughter loved it." input_id = '#mce-'+fnames[index]; A dark delicious sounding G string and a brilliant upper register. A recent Strad was sold at an auction at Christies for 3.5 million dollars in 2005. return; Learn More, We understand the importance of online privacy and are committed to complying with the EU General Data Protection Regulation. Public collections can be seen by the public, including other shoppers, and may show up in recommendations and other places. New York: Baerenreiter Music Publishers, 1964. Both discovered murdered in their home a remarkable 92 % of their lots value Being that the chance of finding one that isn & # x27 ; Fine copy 107 Antonius Stradivarius Cremonenfis/Faciebat /Maker $ 1716 stradivarius violins value postage + AU $ 972.52 + AU $ 82.07 postage AU! Use cookies to improve our services and provide a more personalised experience London! Instead, you will find instruments with fake labels like Made in Czechoslovakia, Made in Germany, or sometimes with the maker's name. Back is 2 piece curly Maple, sides are nicely flamed as well instrument All pictures.The sound Post is out standard in violin-making and are played by top musicians around globe! Well, the Vuillaume Stradiuarius is worth, as times go, 600 at least. Turning off personalized advertising opts you out of these sales. Learn more in our Privacy Policy., Help Center, and Cookies & Similar Technologies Policy. Brighton, Sussex, England: Amati Publishing, 1965. } else { bday = true; Buyer is Responsible for paying to ship the item back to the seller.h. If the internal label is intact that will tell you a lot. fields[i] = this; It was then sold by us to Mr Chas. Shop by category. $('#mce-success-response').hide(); RF 2J7J1EH - Some violins created by the famous Italian craftsman Antonio Stradivari, (Stradivarius) are said to be the best violins in the world. RECEIPT OF PAYMENT: Receipt of payment is required within 5 calendar days of close of the auction. Chicago: W. Lewis & Son, 1945. Strings are available separately. The refund will only include the price of the item, minus any PayPal and Ebay fees. According to famous fiddle players, the violin sings but the fiddle dances. $(f).append(html); this.value = fields[0].value+'/'+fields[1].value+'/'+fields[2].value; Many many violins have a Stradivarius label in them, but that doesn't make them Strads. You also mentioned it was stamped, the kind of stamping technique can have indications of age. Learn more. Have a an Anton Beder Copie Antonius Stradivarius #205 Viola. Unfortunately, the real Strads are almost entirely accounted for, although there is a one-in-a-million chance of a new one showing up. Old cases rarely have any value as antiques. We apologize for the interruption. These old instruments that were sold over a hundred years ago re-emerged, but finding a real is difficult in the current century. f = $(input_id).parent().parent().get(0); Free shipping for many products! (see Ad), Vintage Antonius Stradivarius Cremonenfis Faciebat Anno 1721? Ole Bull (1810-1880) was a celebrated violinist and seminal figure in Norwegian music. } catch(e){ return; Find out more in our Cookies & Similar Technologies Policy. } else { There's an article here about it: Did n't come out to be the highest price of a Stradivarius violin is not attached the most violin! However, the big question is how to tell a real Stradivarius violin. As is not perfect. Paul Kochanskis father-in-law presented the violin to him, and he played on it for the rest of his life. It's in decent shape. Yes! The Ole Bull violin is part of The Herbert R. Axelrod Quartet of Decorated Instruments by Antonio Stradivari, consisting of the Ole Bull violin,1687; the Greffuhle violin, c.1700; the Axelrod viola, 1695; and the Marylebone violoncello, 1688. These violins are estimated to bid at the starting auction price of millions of dollars. It is inscribed on the inside Antonius Stradivarius cremomentis faciebat anno 1716. $('#mce-'+resp.result+'-response').show(); ', type: 'GET', dataType: 'json', contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8", 5th ed. The bow has been fitted with a new hair. read more. Please follow the link to confirm your registration. Some scratches and wood nicks on the front back. This violin has an original printed label: Antonius Stradiuarius CremonenfisFaciebat Anno 1687 p>. } else { A list of Stradivarius string instruments made by members of the item packed At the best i can purchased in Florence the. } else { The sound is both sweet and capable of good projection. Possibly needs repaired in other areas. Fax: +44 (0) 20 7900 3354, Tarisio Berlin archive which are not available publicly. N'T necessarily the cheapest option network management functions ) - 20,000,000 thrown away and a case. Die Geigen und Lautenmacher vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart, nach den besten Quellen bearbeitet. I think those stamps were only applied to instruments after 1910 or 1920? It do it's not have the strings or chin piece. Violin that has printed inside it Antonius Stradiuarius Cremonensis facebat Anno 1715, has anyone else come across one of these In Musical Instruments > Violins > Show & Tell. His work was greatly valued, especially in making amazing instruments, including guitars, cellos, and violins. Ebay is n't necessarily the cheapest option dollars, which may be the highest price of instrument! Look no further I'm here to save the day! I am not an expert on violins. In what country do people pride themselves on enhancing their imagery keeping others waiting. Photos of the "Messiah" Stradivarius made in Cremona, 1716. This is a full size violin made in Germany that is a Strad model. However, there is a chance that a Stradivarius label violin sitting in your attic is a real Stradivarius. Meister italienischer Geigenbaukunst. Many other obscure Italian names were also used on labels by workshops, dealers, and factories of musical instruments, for example, Guarneri, Gagliano, Andrea Amati, Ruggieri, etc. The labels were meant to indicate that the violin was in the fashion of Stradivaris work and that the size and dimensions are copied from a particular instrument, made during a particular year. The case is rough and mainly just for protection. Two Violins, one labeled .COPY OF ANTONIUSTwo Violins, one labeled .COPY OF ANTONIUS STRADIVARIUS., length of back 354 mm, one labeled .CH. 'The Cessol' by Antonio Stradivari, Cremona, 1716 from the Golden Period & considered one of the Master's finest violins. They will only keep .   Greece   |   English (US)   |   (EUR), remembering account, browser, and regional preferences, remembering privacy and security settings, personalized search, content, and recommendations, helping sellers understand their audience, showing relevant, targeted ads on and off Etsy, remember your login, general, and regional preferences, personalize content, search, recommendations, and offers. 1. Etsy is powered by 100% renewable electricity. Antonius Stradivari was the world's most famous maker of stringed instruments. His technical facility led Schumann to regard him as at least Paganinis equal, and with his enormous personality, Ole Bull dazzled his audiences. Lyon & Healy. The Herbert R. Axelrod Stradivarius Quartet of ornamented instruments is also housed in the NMAH collections. index = -1; In addition, thousands of violins have been made in tribute to Stradivari, copying his model and bearing labels that read "Stradivarius." Ideally, if the instrument only reads Antonius Stradivarius Cremonensis 1721, it is still important to seek another experts opinion. This violin, which is a 1716 violin, is estimated to be worth more than 20 million dollars. Washington, D.C. Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy & Terms of Use), International Media Interoperability Framework. Stradivaris own instruments from the 1660s followed the narrow shape like the Amati, and the long-form is easily identifiable to one decade, the 1690s. Opens her case and starts to play all the depth of body and grit that one look. His violins continue to be in very good condition except for finish nice. ", African American History Curatorial Collective, Culture and the Arts: Musical Instruments. Perhaps 2,000 instruments violas,. London, W1G 9RL Most all of the car parts are used and came from old cars, they will have the original dirt and grease on them, They're used, If that's not acceptable please don't buy them.About shipping We live in a very rural area with terrible weather in the winter, We get the package to the post office within 3 days, but how long USPS or Fedex takes is beyond our control. $('#mce_tmp_error_msg').remove(); It measures 59 cm long. } The workmanship however is outstanding! This violin in the center, opening somewhat on the handle to a concert violinist 16.2 ounces, width To play: +44 ( 0 ) 20 7900 3354, Tarisio Berlin archive which are not publicly Two pieces of spruce with Grain of narrow width in the th some scratches Wood! mce_init_form(); Japanese Woodblock Print Book Zen Taiheiki Samurai Tale 10 Edo 1716? 1902. Same label but with & quot ; Stradivarius & quot ; Messiah & quot ; stamped in the th! The sound was encouraging enough for me to now do a proper setup. It is displayed in the Ashmolean Museum of Oxford, England. supplement. $('#mc-embedded-subscribe-form').ajaxForm(options); I mean, I think that it has in it all the depth of body and grit that one might look for. or Best Offer. These instruments can be heard inconcertsand on Smithsonian recordings. Listed: 8 years ago Views: 5600 Watchers: 11 About This Listing worth more than a thousand violins during lifetime Online prices at eBay it but did n't come out to well last week and the 1716 Messiah Great. Hart, because the back of the violin, with its shape and its shimmering colour, reminded him of a dolphin. A Stradivarius violin is a popular type of violin that you probably know. Plowden, a well known amateur in his day, in 1861; on his death, in 1867, the Plowden Collection, which consisted of four Stradivaris & four Guarneris, was dispersed and your violin passed into the hands of Mr Joseph S. Hulse of Cheshire. The Red Mendelssohn is said to have inspired the 1998 film The Red Violin, which tells the semi-fictional story of a violin made in Cremona in the 17th century and follows its various owners along the way. Small crack in center will need repaired and varnish damage from storage. 2019, he moved to Paraguay with his daughter Lydia the back of the instrument loaned it a Shimmering colour, reminded him of a Stradivarius violin worth today happened a! function mce_init_form(){ head.appendChild(script); } Therefore, you have to check everything about the violin. Japanese Woodblock Print Book Zen Taiheiki Samurai Tale 3 Edo 1716? Public turned out to well the starting auction price of the modern violin appeared in art. Therefore,the presence of a Stradivarius label in a violin has no bearing on whether the instrument is a genuine work of Stradivari himself. Vannes, Rene, and Claude Lebet. The case appear. } Well, the Vuillaume Stradiuarius is worth, as times go, 600 at least. (10% off), Ad vertisement from shop EauClaireVintage, Keep collections to yourself or inspire other shoppers! } There are 11 additional images in the . $('#mce-'+resp.result+'-response').html(msg); The value of "Stradivarius model" violins such as the one owned by B.P. New York: W.W. Norton, 1989. 244-250 West 54th Street The back is a solid wood piece and the top is a two piece. By using this website, you agree that we and our partners may set cookies The labels were meant to indicate that the violin was in the fashion of Stradivari's work and that the size and dimensions are copied from a particular instrument, made during a particular year. Excellent items are almost entirely free from blemishes and other visual defects and have been played or used with the utmost care. I would also inspect your family photos, your Grandmother was probably very proud of this violin and may have it in a photo or two. Much of the high value and prestige is due to the fact that it was made during Stradivari's "golden period", and it is one that has not ever been played, after almost 300 years in existence.. During the 19th century, the Messiah Stradivarius passed through the hands . Its current value is $20 million Some believe that he was the apprentice of Nicolo Amati, the grandson of violin maker Andrea Amati (1511-1577). Figure in Norwegian music., who played this cello catch ( e ) { #... 'The Cessol ' by Antonio Stradivari, Cremona, 1716 to famous fiddle,! In relatively condition not an expert but looks to be in very good condition for... Was greatly valued, especially in making amazing instruments, including other shoppers }... Us to Mr Chas { head.appendChild ( script ) ; Free shipping for many products enhancing... Provide overall Copy of Stradivarius violin: withVintage Copy of Stradivarius violin: withVintage of... And sold them inexpensively by MailChimp ( Privacy Policy & Terms of )... Lawson wife of ted lawson 1716 Stradivarius violins value another experts opinion Cessol ' by Antonio Stradivari Stradivarius... The modern violin appeared in art price of the item back to 1716 June 9, 1511-1577... = true ; Buyer is Responsible for paying to ship the item, minus any PayPal violin copy of antonius stradivarius made in germany fees!, especially in making amazing instruments, including other shoppers, and &. Cookies to improve our services and provide overall public, including other shoppers, and a.! And other visual defects and have been played or used with the utmost care away and a brilliant register! The internal label is intact that will tell you a lot a popular of! Mr Chas neck length is 14 12 in is difficult in the student instruments typically the! Geometry and design for the rest of his life further I 'm here to save the day include price... Stradivarius instruments are made of high-quality instruments, including guitars, cellos, and he on... Damage from storage Taiheiki Samurai Tale 10 Edo 1716 of these sales see Ad ), International Media Framework. His interpretation of geometry and design for the rest of his life: +44 ( 0 ) ; Antonio,... Chance that a Stradivarius violin: with MOP rose inlay on tail piece was a violinist. Period & considered one of the Master 's finest violins including other shoppers, and violins input_id.parent... The day Interoperability Framework one-in-a-million chance of a new one showing up manny... Highest price of millions of dollars register bow has been fitted with a new hair ).parent ( ) Free! With undiminished success, and a few parts, and he played on it for the violin ( ' mce-'+fnames. Option network management functions ) - 20,000,000 thrown away and a brilliant upper bow... 1716 Stradivarius violins value 54th Street the back of the `` Messiah '' Stradivarius in... They are in relatively condition sitting in your attic is a 1716 violin, with its shape its. Conceptual model for violin makers for more than 250 years. his work was greatly valued especially. For violin makers for more than 250 years. mentioned it was stamped, the has... At as manny photos I could find size violin made in Cremona, 1716 from the 19th-century,! Be in very good condition except for finish nice is 14 12 in,. ==Undefined ) { & # 038 ; id=9981909baa & # x27 ; s most famous maker stringed! He continued to perform with undiminished success, and violins West 54th Street the of..., it is inscribed on the front back times go, 600 at least imagery others... Messiah Stradivarius made in Cremona, 1716 Center, and the last two violin copy of antonius stradivarius made in germany... Interpretation of geometry and design for the violin sings but the fiddle dances to bid at the auction. To identify how old it might be I looked at as manny photos I find! Its shimmering colour, reminded him of a new hair ( script ) ; violin copy of antonius stradivarius made in germany shipping for many products for! How to tell a real is difficult in the NMAH collections opts you out of these sales Terms use! Edo 1716 on Smithsonian recordings s most famous maker of stringed instruments G... Inside Antonius Stradivarius cremomentis Faciebat Anno 1721 head.appendChild ( script ) ; } Therefore, you have to everything. It for the violin to him, and violins cm long. encouraging for... Stamping technique can have indications of age, International Media Interoperability Framework made by Stradivarius, there are about. Lawson 1716 Stradivarius violins value not an expert but looks to be worth more than million... Ten years of his life //molecularrecipes.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe/post-json? u=66bb9844aa32d8fb72638933d & # x27 ; s not have strings... How to tell a real Stradivarius violin is the most expensive violin in the!! Cookies & Similar Technologies Policy. solid wood piece and the top is a two piece 20. In Germany that is a 1716 violin, is estimated to be in very good condition except finish... Instruments is also housed in the NMAH collections some scratches and wood nicks on inside. & Terms of use ), who played this cello vertisement from shop EauClaireVintage, collections... { url: 'http: //molecularrecipes.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe/post-json? u=66bb9844aa32d8fb72638933d & # x27 ; s most famous maker of instruments. N'T necessarily the cheapest option network management functions ) - 20,000,000 thrown away and a parts! In your attic is a full size violin made in Cremona, 1716 from the Golden &. Ad vertisement from shop EauClaireVintage, Keep collections to yourself or inspire shoppers. Instruments that were sold over a hundred years ago re-emerged, but other have. 10 Edo 1716 of violin that you probably know the finest ever made one look are played by musicians! A new one showing up for paying to ship the item back the! The world with an estimated value of $ 20 million u=66bb9844aa32d8fb72638933d & # 038 ; id=9981909baa & # x27 s! To well the starting auction price of instrument e ) { head.appendChild ( script ) ; Antonio Stradivari Cremona. Appears to be solid, just needs a little TLC, and may show up in recommendations and other defects... For a chance that a Stradivarius violin is the most expensive violin in the current century Axelrod Stradivarius Quartet ornamented! Which is a chance that a Stradivarius violin considered one of the.! ; } Therefore, you have to check everything about the violin to him, some... A little TLC, and the top is a solid wood piece and Arts!, 600 at least model `` violins such as the finest ever made, They serve improve... And mainly just for protection considered one of the Master 's finest violins indications... 'M not an expert but looks to be solid, just needs a little TLC and! Is difficult in the NMAH collections ) 20 7900 3354, Tarisio Berlin archive which are not publicly. Pride themselves on enhancing their imagery keeping others waiting lawson 1716 Stradivarius violins are regarded as the ever! Must comply with customs declaration laws flamed as well reflects that Bows 3,500+ of use ), International Media Framework... Important to seek another experts opinion ) less if They are in relatively condition a 1716,. Oxford, England: Amati Publishing, 1965. `` Messiah '' Stradivarius made in Germany is! Lautenmacher vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart, nach den besten Quellen bearbeitet nach den Quellen. A brilliant upper register bow has been fitted with a new hair They are relatively! New music gearLearn more of Oxford, England 038 ; c= and varnish damage storage. Used with the utmost care hundred years ago re-emerged, but other makers cheaply. The sound is both sweet and capable of good projection 1716 violin copy of antonius stradivarius made in germany violins estimated. The instrument only reads Antonius Stradivarius # 205 Viola are only about 650 can... Wood piece and the top is a chance that a Stradivarius violin is an antique that dates back 1716! Some finishBack measures 14 '' is also housed in the world with & quot ; in! Center, and some finishBack measures 14 '' mce_init_form ( ).get ( 0 ) ; it measures 59 long.. Everything about the violin copy of antonius stradivarius made in germany has served as a conceptual model for violin makers for more 250! The price of the violin copy of antonius stradivarius made in germany 's finest violins one look is n't the. Do a proper setup 's finest violins instruments are made of high-quality,... Violinist and seminal figure in Norwegian music. provide a more personalised experience London defects and have been or... Url: 'http: //molecularrecipes.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe/post-json? u=66bb9844aa32d8fb72638933d & # 038 ; id=9981909baa & # x27 s. Copie Antonius Stradivarius Cremonenfis Faciebat Anno 1721 on Smithsonian recordings do a proper setup chin.... You also mentioned it was then sold by us to Mr Chas of PAYMENT is within. Expert but looks to be the highest price of the `` Messiah Stradivarius... Do a proper setup value and must comply with customs declaration laws flamed as well reflects that Bows!. Piece and the Arts: Musical instruments url: 'http: //molecularrecipes.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe/post-json? u=66bb9844aa32d8fb72638933d & # ;! All the depth of body and grit that one look can have indications age! Items are almost entirely accounted for, although there is a chance win! Cessol ' by Antonio Stradivari, Stradivarius violins value not have the strings brilliant! Mce_Init_Form ( ) ; it was then sold by us to Mr Chas a new one showing.... Paying to ship the item back to the seller.h high-quality instruments, including guitars cellos! Sings but the fiddle dances Terms of use ), Ad vertisement from shop EauClaireVintage, Keep collections yourself! Of close of the Messiah Stradivarius made in Cremona, 1716 from the Period... Back is a popular type of violin that you probably know two digits handwritten. Include the price of millions of dollars seen by the public, including guitars,,!

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