intralingual translation example

But here the barrier or distance between source and receptor is time. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. Intralingual translations instigated by the parameter of time (diachronic translations) are typically new and more contemporary translations of classical texts (religious texts, literature): Every generation retranslates the classics, out of a vital compulsion for immediacy and precise echo (Steiner 1975: 29-30). Furthermore, the need for translation within the same language is also indicative of the richness of perspectives, knowledge and cultures that exist within our linguistic traditions (however forgotten). Og fordi Josef var af Davids hus og slaegt, drog ogs han op fra op fra Galilaea, fra byen Nazaret, til Judaea, til Davids by, som hedder Betlehem. Alternatively, it may take the form of considerable addition to the text with the aim of explaining or making explicit difficult or implicit information. Scholars argue that translation within the same language has existed for as long as language has existed, and arguably civilisation itself. Routledge, 1995), "Here, then, is the full process of translation. The parameter of knowledge often involves interpretation (explicitation, explanation, addition) of information which may be objective (It can be very cold outside in the winter in Judaea []) or subjective (the political/feminist comments of the 1973 family Bible). It occurs when some ideas expressed verbally are translated into images and/or movement. However, it is not a mere linguistic transfer. This sentence provides information which is traditionally not given until verse 21. According to Shuttleworth (1997: 88), Jakobson, by producing his three categories, simply suggested that translation belongs to a group of interlinked phenomena between which one can find family resemblances and Tymoczko (1998, 2005) argues for a broad perception of translation and suggests that we regard translation as a cluster concept which has to be defined non-finitely in line with Wittgensteins concept of family resemblance. Many of the strategies used to create the different Bible versions are common within translation proper as well this applies to strategies such as omission, objective addition, explicitation, restructuring and paraphrase. What is so remarkable here is that this illusory effect conceals the numerous conditions under which the translation is made . Translation (whether interlingual, intralingual or intersemiotic) is seen as part of the semiotic concept of transfer and special focus is on transfer from one culture to another. We use cookies to improve your website experience. An attempt at description: intralingual translation, 4. Words are untranslateable because [they] do not exist in a flat, alphabetised dictionary style list, but rather in a richly structured taxonomy of meaning. Registered in England & Wales No. My initial research into the nature of intralingual translation (see Zethsen 2008) made me aware of the fact that since the time of Jakobsons definition, general definitions of translation have become less inclusive. Modern high-tech society with its international cooperation and intercultural communication in business as well as in political and cultural life has led to demands for many different kinds of translation or translation-like activities which often exceed the boundaries of what translation theory traditionally terms translation proper. It differs from general transliteration in various aspects. They are defined by their oppositions to and similarities to multiple other words--in other words, the cultural backdrop." resembles the challenge within intralingual translation of transmitting the same message in the linguistic style of another genre e.g. Introduction: Intersemiotic Translation as Adaptation | Adaptation That the definition of certain concepts needs to be open is simply an inherent feature of such concepts; in other words it is not a flaw or deficiency that some concepts cannot be finitely described, neither theoretically nor pragmatically. However, there are lots of less obvious examples, especially when it comes to ambiguous or idiomatic sentences, such as sayings, which are often hard to translate This definition is quite clear, but unlike the case of translation proper where numerous efforts are made to further define and exemplify what constitutes translation proper in the real world, it is not possible to find more than stray sentences as regards intralingual translation. Viborg: Scandinavia. Examples. While the average reader is aware that the two varieties of English exist, s/he is usually less aware of the fact that an edition of a British novel purchased on the other side of the Atlantic will have often . Even though the empirical study of intralingual translation is meagre, no one can deny that intralingual translation is a widespread phenomenon and that it is easy to find many very different instances of this kind of translation (within expert-layman communication, for instance, they abound). If we know more about differences as well as similarities, the insights provided by both fields would be more useful. USA: P.S.I. Examples Intralingual translation occurs when we produce a summary or otherwise rewrite a text in same language, say a children's version of an encyclopedia. Arguing against the classical theory of categorisation, which involves shared properties as conditions for category membership, strictly objective conditions for category membership and clear boundaries between categories, i.e., no borderline cases (in logic the specification of necessary and/or sufficient conditions is used to determine category membership, to provide precise definitions), Wittgenstein introduced the very pragmatic and empirically-based (that is, not on formal logic) open concept of family resemblances (also called the cluster concept) and argued that this is what unites the category of game, for instance (Wittgenstein 1953/1958: section 66-67). Toury (1986: 1113) mentions interdialectal translation as a borderline case and also Pym (1992: 25) argues that there is no strict cut-off point. Intralingual translation - translation within the same language, which can involve rewording or paraphrase; Interlingual translation - translation from one language to another, and Intersemiotic translation - translation of the verbal sign by a non-verbal sign, for example, music or image. A good sample is Bangqing Hans Sing-song Girls of Shanghai. On the basis of the case study and assisted by introspection and the more or less stray sentences of the literature referred to above, the main factors that seem to be influential in intralingual translation (and at the same time, the very reasons for the existence of intralingual translation) have been examined. Schffner (1999: 100) relevantly asks whether translation itself is affected by modern developments or is it rather that more and more activities are added to translation proper? It should be noted though that the general consensus today about the benefits of functional translations in many cases gives room for a much broader perception of what constitutes translation. How do I view content? Register for a FutureLearn account to get personalised course recommendations and offers straight to your inbox. Interlingual machine translation is one of the classic approaches to machine translation. In other words, the differences in microstrategies are more a question of degree than of kind. Intralingual translation - translation within the same language, which can involve rewording or paraphrase; Interlingual translation - translation from one language to another, and. The witness is intimidated by the formality of the court setting, and assumes that the unfamiliar word, 'fracas', is a polite euphemism. A legendary story in dialects has finally been developed into the legendary world of intralingual, interlingual and inter-semiotic translations. The emperor wanted to count people in the cities in which they were born. The illusion of transparency is an effect of fluent discourse, of the translator's effort to ensure easy readability by adhering to current usage, maintaining continuous syntax, fixing a precise meaning. This is especially true when a nation is weak and backward. For a number of years I have carried out research within medical expert-to-layman communication (in addition to my work within translation proper) and as a translation scholar been intrigued by the many similarities between interlingual and intralingual translation. Intralingual Definition & Meaning | YourDictionary According to Weissbrod (2004: 24), reflecting the views of Even-Zohar, researchers should deal with all these examples of transfer within one theoretical framework as the mechanism of transfer is largely the same in all instances. Copenhagen: Det Danske Bibelselskab. Intralingual Translation - The Handbook of Translation and Cognition It was very uncomfortable for them to travel as Maria was soon to give birth; but of course those in power do not ask about such things. However, my aim was not to describe intralingual translation within a limited area, but to attempt a general characterisation of the phenomenon through the microstrategies used in creating the new versions. Intralingual Translation: An Attempt at Description. These separate definitions do of course not mean that both types cannot be at play in the same text or instance of translation an element of intralingual translation may well be part of the skopos of an interlingual translation (see examples in Zethsen forthcoming). I think it is possible to describe translation (and not finitely define it) by means of Jakobsons three dimensions in combination with Tourys more specific description of a source text and a transfer. This I think is a major setback as there seems to be much to gain theoretically as well as practically by looking for similarities and differences between the various kinds of translational activities carried out. Since translation deals with transfer of meaning, and semantics is the study of meaning, we cannot study translation without some knowledge of semantics. Intralingual translation can refer to rewording or paraphrasing, summarizing, expanding or commenting within a language. Panel 3. Intralingual translation - breaking boundaries Furthermore, we will learn about the third category of int. Within polysystem theory and the realms of literary translation (Even-Zohar 1990) we do find some work on intralingual or intersemiotic translation (Weissbrod 1998, 2004; Shavit 1986). Examples An example of Interlingual Translation would be the Bible. All but strictly necessary cookies are currently disabled for this browser. As already pointed out, all strategies found in the intralingual versions are well-known within interlingual translation, but not necessarily with the aim of simplification and not to the extent seen in intralingual translation. Nordquist, Richard. Vienna:Lademann. As we have seen, it may take the form of considerable reduction of the text by leaving out what is deemed to be superfluous information in order to make the processing of the text easier. The picture Bible for very small children from 1991 is naturally very different from the 1948 authorised version, but in many ways resembles the family Bible for children from 1973 as regards explanations, explicitations, lexical and syntactical simplification, the addition of pictures as well as textual additions to enhance childrens comprehension of and interest in the text (with one exception though: all additions are factual, i.e., objective). interlingual and intersemiotic. What is Intersemiotic translation? And so it was, that, while they were there, the days were accomplished that she should be delivered. The only changes are the following: lexical changes consisting of synonymous expressions (all absolute synonyms apart from the diachronic aspect) making the language more contemporary: Old words and expressions replaced by contemporary ones. The empirical work of this article is considered as a first attempt of a concrete, general description of the characteristics of and the microstrategies involved in intralingual translation. In order to answer these questions, two experiments will be set up in which professional text producers and students will be asked to translate a scientific text into a popular text. The New York Times, Oct. 2, 2010), "Just as there are no exact synonyms within a language ('big' does not mean precisely the same as 'large'), there are no exact matches for words or expressions across languages. Tourys definition is likely to exclude many intralingual (or intersemiotic) translations, not because of his three postulates, which themselves rely on open concepts, namely source text, transfer and intertextual relationship, but because of two necessary conditions; to constitute a translation a transfer process must have taken place between two languages/cultures and most importantly the resulting product must be assumed to be a translation by people in general. the text to be translated is transformed into an interlingua, i.e., an abstract language-independent representation. for at lade sig indskrive tillige med Maria, sin trolovede, som var frugtsommelig. ZethsenUniversity of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmarkkkz@asb.dk, An article of the journal Are the strategies applied in intralingual translation different from those applied in interlingual translation? Nu elskede Maria en mand, som hed Josef. In principle, functional translation theory has narrowed the gap between intralingual and interlingual translation. examples. (Jakobson, Citation1959:233) Thus, translation, together with interlingual translation and inter-semiotic translation, has formed a semiotic system which can interpret all human activities and productions, however noble or humble, static or dynamic. They were soon to be married. Intralingual Translation Definition And Examples The problem of translation is to retreat to a simpler tenor of one's own style and creatively adjust this to one's author." I do believe, however, that they point in the right direction, but we need much more empirically-based research to provide a thorough and comprehensive description of intralingual translation and of the similarities and differences between intralingual and interlingual translation. These are delivered one step at a time, and are accessible on mobile, tablet and desktop, so you can fit learning around your life. And she brought forth her firstborn son, and wrapped him in swaddling clothes, and laid him in a manger; because there was no room for them in the inn. It should be emphasized that it is an attempt, at a more detailed general description as there is not much theory or any empirical studies to lean on. turdstool (West Country for a very substantial cowpat). seem to be much more radical than what is seen in the majority of interlingual translations. The Bible as a source text is a complicated matter though because of the interlingual translation which is also involved. Og det skete, medens de var der, kom tiden, da hun skulle fde. Archive 2007-07-01. Also Schffner points out that translational reality exceeds interlingual translation and she claims that it is increasingly agreed within the academic community of translators that the translators responsibilities go well beyond what was traditionally considered a translation proper (Schffner 1999: 98). Scholars have listed a range of situations in which intralingual translation facilitates communication, for example, reformulating a legal document in plain language for a lay readership, new. Eva Hung ( later revised Eileen Changs translation with an introduction and had it published by Columbia University Press. The intralingual translation that will be studied is a specific example: the rewriting of British novels for the North American market. There are only two omissions in the text; the name Nazareth and the fact that Joseph and Maria were engaged. In addition, this may entail that there is also more room for interpretation, and perhaps even a certain degree of subjectivity, in intralingual translation (the extremely subjective additions in the family Bible would certainly not be deemed acceptable in interlingual translation, but probably not in the majority of intralingual translations either! Intralingual Translation: An Attempt at Description - ResearchGate One notable example was the case of I. Th. . In my view neither of these two requirements are necessary conditions for a document/product to constitute a translation and they would effectively exclude all intralingual translation.

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