albert bourla political party

In 2022, he was named the Genesis Prize Laureate in recognition of his leadership . Why is it youve been able to produce something of quite historic nature whenmany corporate collaborations among CEOsandfounders of companies dont work in quite the same way? He, along with BioNTech co-foundersUur ahin and zlem Treci, willreceive the Atlantic CouncilsDistinguished Business Leadership Awardon Wednesday, November 10. MENASource offers the latest news from across the Middle East, combined with commentary by contributors, interviews with emerging players, multi-media content, and independent analysis from fellows and staff. That was the speed of science. DR. BOURLA: Thank. Dr. Bourla chronicles how the brilliant, dedicated minds at Pfizer, under the enormous strains of the global pandemic, overcame a series of crises that were compounded by social and political unrest, and reveals the doubts, decisions, obstacles, and failures they encountered. I dont regret that I did that because I know that without that,we wouldnt be here, and I know that mypeopledont mind that I put a lot of pressure[on]them because they knew that this is what was needed. "Ensuring as many people as possible are fully vaccinated with the first two dose series and a booster remains the best course of action to prevent the spread of COVID-19," Pfizer's CEO Albert Bourla . We hadfifteen thousandpeople at that time, we had four manufacturing sites, and we were worried about our people and how they would be able to maintain their jobs. They cannot give it to middle-incomecountries. We brought it very early. [12], He was promoted to chief executive officer in October 2018, effective January 1, 2019, succeeding Ian Read, his mentor. Robert Bradway, the CEO of Amgen, gave $67,308, similarly to committees connected to Cornyn, Gardner, McCarthy, and Tillis. NewsNation BestReviews Nexstar Digital Journalistic Integrity Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information; THE HILL 1625 K STREET, NW SUITE 900 WASHINGTON DC 20006 | 202-628-8500 TEL | 202-628 . Because, obviously, theres a lot of pressure on them as well, as you said, as human beings. was of the rare Democrats to get money from three of the five executives. [12][18][25][26] In 2016, during his tenure, Innovative Health's revenue increased by 11%. It is a very revolutionary idea that really was discovered twentyyears ago, and it was studied for all these two decades with the last five years way more intensively, and BioNTech was one of the pioneers in doing these studies. Topping that list were the election committees for both Democrats and Republicans, followed by Republican leaders and Coons. FREDERICK KEMPE:Tomorrow evening when you receive the award, before you receive yoursPresident of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen will receive our Distinguished International Leadership Award, but shell also introduce you for your award. It shouldnt be discussed in political terms. It is not the cost of medicines. The only thing that stands between the new way of life and the current way of life, frankly, isthehesitancyto get vaccinated,thepeople thatareafraid togetthe vaccines,and they createissuesnot onlyforthem. Most of the vaccines, the principle is that youre introducing a part of the virus, lets say, into your body so that your body will create antibodies. [16] In the latter role, he managed the merger of Wyeth's Fort Dodge Animal Health business with Pfizer in these regions. Sen. Chris Coons (Del.) This view is also consistent with the fact that in late August, the CEO revised his stock sale plan, pre-committing to selling a significant amount of shares on November 9. The pharmaceutical industry worries that response will include pricing controls like those in Pelosis negotiation legislation, which would peg the price tag for certain medicines to their prices in other countries and levy hefty fines on drug companies that refuse to reduce the cost of their products. FREDERICK KEMPE:Obviously, youre not a politician. 2020 Transaction Count/Amount. FREDERICK KEMPE:Can you explain to us how the mRNA works differentlyandwhy was it ready at this point if it hadnt been ready for clinical use before? In most of them our kids had to follow because they were born. We increased theresearch-and-developmentbudget dramatically. But which one is the most promising? The first thing that we discussed with Uur wasthe principles under whichweare going tooperate, and we said,itdoesntmatter who does what. G20 leaders can rescue low-income countries by redistributing their IMF windfall, Chilean President Sebastin Piera: COVID-19 solidarity offers hope for tackling climate change, Policy on donor acceptance and disclosure. [16][17] There, he built business for the company's drugs that had recently lost patent exclusivity. This is disturbing, significantly, the educational system, and there are kids that will have severe symptoms [without our vaccine]". On the table are proposals that would empower the federal government to demand lower prices for certain medicines. ALBERT BOURLA:No,I believe we will see an end. The haul by political action and campaign committees affiliated with McConnell (R-Ky.) came after a late-year surge in giving. Political action committees connected to 21 major pharmaceutical companies operating in the U.S. and the industrys two largest lobbying organizations gave $6.7 million total between January and December of 2019 to a long list of campaigns, according to FEC data. You know,thereare two groups of people:There are the people that they are vaccinated. And the sameisas a Greek coming to America with a very thick accent. Watch the full version of the interview with Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla that aired March 13, 2022, on "Face the Nation.""Face the Nation" is America's premier . John Cornyn (R-Texas), Cory Gardner (R-Colo.), and Thom Tillis (R-N.C.). FREDERICK KEMPE:Talk about[your collaboration with BioNTech]and why this one has worked. [50], Bourla is committed to his Greek heritage. The development of a vaccine became the essence of the debate, whichitshouldnt be. It is the cost to society of people living longer, which means more health care costs, more pensions, more everything. We were preparing for two years,and we found ourselves to be at the right set ofmind,so that we coulddevelop the breakthrough ina recordperiod of time. Albert Bourla is ushering in a new era at Pfizer after leading a historic triumph with a COVID-19 vaccine. Another aims to overhaul Medicare to reduce what seniors pay. FREDERICK KEMPE:Youve also come to seeclose upthe inequities in the global health care system, which also has influence on recovering from COVID-19. FREDERICK KEMPE:And is there going to be an annual vaccine for COVID-19? As we get closer to an important data readout from our COVID-19 vaccine program, I wanted to speak directly to the billions of people, millions of businesses and hundreds of governments around the world that are investing their hopes in a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine to overcome . As Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Albert Bourla leads Pfizer in its purpose, Breakthroughs that change patients' lives, with a focus on driving the scientific and commercial innovation needed to have a transformational impact on human health. From that point of view it makes sense to put resources into people like McConnell.. ALBERT BOURLA:Well, I can tell you that President von der Leyen [is] one of the most knowledgeable leaders. But youve had to deal with a lot of politics in the last eighteen months. Sotalk to me about what youve learned about geopolitics, domestic politics, and fake news. Pfizer supports candidates and elected officials from both political parties who work on policies that are important to patients and our industry, Sharon Castillo, the spokeswoman, said. Theres ever-increasing pressure on lawmakers to do something to make prescription drugs cheaper, Robert Blendon, a professor of health policy and political analysis at Harvard Universitys School of Public Health, said. They are criminals because they literally cost millions of lives. Albert Bourla was born in Thessaloniki, home to an ancient Jewish community that traced its roots to antiquity. Butthere is a very small part of professionals[who]circulate,on purpose,misinformation so that they will mislead those that they have concerns[with the vaccine]. [49][3] He received $21 million in compensation from Pfizer in 2020. We reduced that to six therapeuticareas,and we were able to become the best in each one of them. I think we believe that life will go back to the way that we knew before. [5] His parents, who were Sephardi Jews, were among the 2,000 of 50,000 Jews in Thessaloniki to survive the Holocaust; According to Bourla, his mother was allegedly minutes away from execution by firing squad when she was spared via a ransom paid to a Nazi Party official by her non-Jewish brother-in-law, while his father happened to be out of the Jewish ghetto when the residents were taken to the Auschwitz concentration camp and went into hiding, never to see his parents again.[6][7]. whatever political party or church you do, or don't go to. House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy s campaign took in the second-highest amount from the slate of executives at $60,600 this year through three committees affiliated with him. 2023 Atlantic Council Very challenging. [22][23][24], From February 2016 to December 2017, he was group president of Pfizer Innovative Health. We realized that Mrs. Bourla was a subscriber to Scarsdale 10583 and asked her to discuss her life since the news broke that the Pfizer vaccine was effective. Bourla was motivated by an early love for animals and I think we believe that life will go back to the way that we knew before. What have you learned about domestic politics? Fromfifty thousandJews, onlytwo thousandsurvived,thatsa 96 percent extermination in the city of Thessaloniki in Greece, and among thosetwo thousandwere my father and mother. Though she could not answer all of our questions, here is what she shared: Those people are criminals. He was born and raised in Thessaloniki, Greece, by Sephardi Jews parents, who were among the few survivors of Greek's port city, Thessaloniki's Sephardic Jewish community. I know President Trump [would have liked] to see it before the elections. Robert Bradway, the CEO of Amgen, gave $67,308, similarly to committees connected to Cornyn, Gardner, McCarthy, and Tillis. FREDERICK KEMPE:Give us a little bit of a feeling of when you saw that COVID-19 was going to be the challenge that it became and what did you move to take it on? Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla in an open letter to employees vowed the company would not "succumb to political pressure" in wake of the first presidential debate, where President Trump, again,. Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla has cancelled a planned visit to Israel as it emerged he had not been fully vaccinated against COVID because he 'didn't want to jump the line' - in a blow to his. Sothe solution was to build more so that everybody can get it, and this is where we invested dramatically, and from 1.3 billion doses that we were expecting to produce towards the end of2020, in2021pretty soonin the first quarter, we raised that tothreebillion instead of 1.3 billion. They didnt try to do the eight years,seven years of development. This website or its third-party tools use cookies, which are necessary for its functioning and required to achieve the purposes illustrated in the cookie policy. Our programs and centers deliver in-depth, highly relevant issue briefs and reports that break new ground, shift opinions, and set agendas on public policy, with a focus on advancing debates by integrating foundational research and analysis with concrete policy solutions. Following is the unofficial transcript of a CNBC interview with Pfizer Chairman and CEO Albert Bourla on CNBC's "Squawk Box" (M-F, 6AM-9AM ET) today, Monday, December 14 th.Following is a link to . What do you feel that youve learned through this very, very intensive period, which by the way, is still ongoing? Sins of the Pfizer. When I took over in 2019, I found an excellent infrastructure so that I couldmake radical changes to the company. [3], Bourla was awarded the 2022 Genesis Prize for his leadership in the development of the PfizerBioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. ", "Pfizer's CEO is stepping down after 8 years meet the man who will be replacing him", https://www.improvac.com/assets/document/tim1009techbulletin_0509.pdf, https://www.youtube.com/embed/ImBvMvmWNKg?controls=0&, Improvac: Pfizer's Albert Bourla on the boar taint vaccine, "Pfizer, Mylan to Team Up on Generics Business in Japan", "Pfizer's CEO Ian Read to leave in January", "Drugmaker Pfizer's CEO Read to be replaced by COO Bourla", "Behind Pfizer's latest upheaval at the top", "How Pfizer Set the Cost of Its New Drug at $9,850 a Month", "Pfizer Sets Up Succession Plan With Creation of Operating Chief Role", "Pfizer's incoming CEO represents pipeline push over dealmaking", "Pfizer executive vice president leaving company by 'mutual agreement', "Pfizer creates chief operating officer role for Bourla", "PFIZER NAMES ALBERT BOURLA CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER", "Pfizer to replace longtime CEO Read with veteran Bourla", "Pfizer Prepares for CEO Transition With Executive Suite Changes", "Drug company CEOs admit prescription prices are too high. It should not be like that, and it wasa very badservice to humanity. 40.39 USD +0.21 +0.52% Pfizer Inc. Chief Executive Officer Albert Bourla said he tested positive for Covid-19 and is receiving Paxlovid, the treatment made by his company. Heres why. A Greek from humble beginnings made it all the way to the top. Dr. Bourla, welcome to Washington Post Live. Then the second thing that we neededto have it is we need to have enough vaccines for all. In 2009 he promoted the launch of Improvac on the European Market. It isonebillion doses. Weincreased dramaticallythe digital budgetandalso,we reduced the administrative budget in the company. from 1999 to present. [37] He took the risk of producing the PfizerBioNTech COVID-19 vaccine before approval from the Food and Drug Administration so that it would be ready to ship immediately upon approval. We saw the firstvaccine ever, which was the COVID-19vaccine,with mRNA technology. FREDERICK KEMPE:Where do we stand today? Albert Bourla said Pfizer's goal was to reduce by 50% the number of people who 'cannot afford our medicines,' but key words were edited out Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla speaks during a ceremony . The leaders [behind the vaccine]: One was a Turkish Muslim that immigrated to Germany. Albert Bourla's birthday falls on 21 October. There is a third application, which is for people that they are born with a mistake in their DNA code, and there are a lot of rare diseases;they are happening to people because somewhere in one gene there is one small mistake in their DNA, and those people,theyhave tolive without until the end of their lives and many times their lifedoesntlast very long because of this mistake in their genes. The contributions flowed largely to Republicans who pose a bulwark against drug price-control legislation that could hurt companies revenue. Political Campaign Contributions. I knew that therewasnot a single product mRNA out there. They tried to do the eight years[in]eight months of development. The first was to have a price thatwouldnot become an obstacle to any country, and that was easy to resolve. Une communaut juive vivante et dynamique. So that was easy. The lesson for me is that the leader needs to do whatever he or shecan notto comeina position that will stress the people. The offeralso willbe there. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) similarly has said McConnells rejections of her Medicare negotiation bill (H.R. Atlantic Council. When it comes to leadership, people dont know what they can and cannot do and, if anything, they have a severe tendency to underestimate what they can achieve. Before becoming CEO, he served as COO, overseeing commercial strategy, manufacturing, and global product development. There is a very small part of professionals [who] circulate, on purpose, misinformation so that they will mislead those that they have concerns[with the vaccine]. That was a very, very big issue from day one for me, and I realized that if we have this polarization within the country, for example, I could only imagine what will bebetween countries when the vaccine would become available if we dont have available for all. Allergan had agreed to pay the St. Regis Mohawk Indian Tribe $15 million a year to take ownership of the patents and then sought to dismiss challenges filed by Mylan NV, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., and Akorn Inc. McConnell, Republicans seen as bulwark against price controls, Giving showcases Democrats push to lower cost of medicines. Before, we were spread thin inthirteendifferent therapeutic areas and, you know, when you are spread thin inthirteentherapeutic areas, usually youre not very goodinany. If the G20 enhances the impact of IMF Special Drawing Rights by sending them on to low-income countries, it could add up to a synchronized global recovery. For Gods sake, it is such abigmistakeandit was such a bigdisserviceto society to politicize something like that, to become a political statement if you want to mask or not. The European Union placed orders. Trump has recently stepped up his attacks on DeSantis, and a report published by Axios on March 3 describes the ex-president's anti-DeSantis game plan. To a Spreadsheet or Other File Type. Yoususpect that there are some countries behind. Pfizer Chairman and CEO AlbertBourlajoined the Atlantic Council to talk about his collaboration with BioNTech on the COVID-19 vaccine,his take onmisinformation and politics in medicine, and hispersonal story. Of course, there will be changes because of things we learn. Download all contribution records for this person. ALBERT BOURLA:You are right. Well, he's half right, it has more to do with money than politics. But when we are moving to middle-income countries, not in the high, we charge half of this price almost. Once you do that, then your body will recognize this protein that something is not normal that it should be here so it will develop antibodies against this protein, and then you will be protected when the real virus comes. Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla, son of Holocaust survivors, is working to preserve Jewish history By Jacob Gurvis January 26, 2022 4:33 pm Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla delivers a speech during the. Albert Bourla is both the Chairman and the CEO of Pfizer. David Ricks, chairman and chief executive officer for Eli Lilly, gave $159,160 of his own money this year to various campaigns, with $60,600 of that going to McCarthy-connected committees, according to FEC records. It was a very humbling experience to be able to do that and, literally, meet families of many leadersinthe world because, you know, we had calls evenings and nights trying to find solutions to their problems, and that was also a very humbling experience. Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla said on ABC's "This Week" Sunday it's possible to provide both COVID-19 booster shots as well as doses for people who have not yet been vaccinated. He established the Pfizer Artificial Intelligence Center in his hometown, directed Pfizer's participation in the Thessaloniki International Fair, is close friends with Geoffrey R. Pyatt, United States Ambassador to Greece, and he brought Pfizer's leadership team to Greece to meet with Prime Minister of Greece Kyriakos Mitsotakis. All of that, basically, I took a serious bet in the science of the company and this I did, as I said, because I truly felt that we are at this time at the same point. You are putting a very small piece, a message, of RNA that will stay a few days in your body and then[disappear]. By Bourla said he's. Albert Bourla of Pfizer calls antivirals a 'game changer' against the coronavirus. According to Axios reporters Mike Allen and Josh Kraushaar, Trump "is convinced his attacks on Ron DeSantis are chipping away at the Florida governor's support and confidence, sources and . In January, [our entire discipline was] thinking that COVID-19is an issue that mainly concerns China, and we were very concerned because of that, because we have significant operations in China. ALBERT BOURLA:I think cancer was the first thing that wetryto tackle withthe mRNAtechnology,and I know that BioNTech worked very intensively to do that. What have you learned about geopoliticsandmajor-power politics? [8], Bourla became Pfizer's chief operating officer (COO) on January 1, 2018, overseeing the company's drug development, manufacturing, sales, and strategy. . Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla couldn't have dreamed he would play a lead role in Israel's ongoing election drama. If the pandemic hit a year earlier, we might not have been in the position to respond this fast, say BioNTech co-founders. He spent $100,000 on Trump's joint fundraising committee. It was not luck. A weekly column by Atlantic Council President and CEO Frederick Kempe, Inflection Points focuses on the global challenges facing the United States and how to best address them. Bourla has held various positions at Pfizer in his 25. Youve seen the science evolve. [12] From 2005 to 2009, he served as area president for Animal Health's Europe, Africa and Middle East division. I asked that that would be a number two priority. But that created abondingwith her as well. As Dr. Bourla makes clear, Pfizer's success wasn't due to luck . SoI was thinking how we couldmaintain a surge in demand that could be 20, 30, 40, or 50 percent higher for some productsthanwe had before,while our plants had to operate under COVID-19restrictions. "I'm feeling well and symptom free," Bourla said in a. You are mediocre in all. At the time, it was President Trump, and I had met President Trump before the pandemic and we had discussed health policy, mainly. You realize that they are people that have the same worry about their people, that they try to do the best for their country, and when you interact a lot with them you realize,also,they have family,and they have kids,and they have their own concerns. We do not direct how employees contribute to political candidates, Kelley Murphy, Eli Lillys senior director of corporate communications, said in an email. The five drug company executives, who collectively head the pharmaceutical firms that were the most politically active in 2019 as measured by PAC donations, gave almost exclusively to Republicans and political action committees that use their money to support Republicans running for office. Every day we tried to navigate the political mindset and the way that I saw it was that I had to create pressure[to]our people butalso,I had to protect our people from internal bureaucracy, from external bureaucracy,andgive them the resources so that they can work. The other one was a Greek Jew that immigrated to the United States. Comments by Pfizer's boss, Albert Bourla, have led to confusion By Rachel Schraer Health and disinformation reporter "I've never doubted Covid-19 vaccination. Albert BourlaPolitical Campaign Contributions2016 Election Cycle. GOP campaign committees also benefited. Dr. Albert Bourla. Related Experts: CNN Albert Bourla, CEO of drugmaker Pfizer, has tested positive for Covid-19 and is "feeling well," he said in a tweet Saturday . But as you went through this period, what has struck you most positively and negatively? Pfizer CEO: 'Disappointed' in presidential debate, vows no political pressure on Covid shot Albert Bourla's memo to staff asserts Pfizer's independence in the face of strong pressure from the. I couldnt just tell them Im not giving it to you anymore. Moderna was another one, and eventually, the first success that were able to do was this product that we developed jointly with BioNTech, the COVID-19vaccine. And because there were, again somuch stress that creates a bonding experience for both leaders, me from a small company, her the president of a big company, Pfizer, but compared to what she is doing, the president of European Commission, clearly, she has way bigger responsibilities. FREDERICK KEMPE:There was some fake news during thisperiod of timeabout the vaccines, you know, all sorts of conspiracy theories. And this is exactly what happened. Published: SEPTEMBER 12, 2021 16:18 THOUGH PRIME MINISTER Benjamin Netanyahu has touted his close relationship with Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla (on April 23), Levy was the one to sign the first. We increased budgets. The vibrant Jewish community of 55,000 was almost completely wiped out during the . They were telling their stories, and then the moral of the stories was that nothing is impossible. [Nothing else] matters [other]than bringing the vaccine,asournumber-one priority. I hope so. Wall Street Journal Bestseller2022 Genesis Prize LaureateThe exclusive, first-hand, behind-the-scenes story of how Pfizer raced to create the first Covid-19 vaccine, told by Pfizer's Chairman and CEO Dr. Albert Bourla.A riveting, fast-paced, inside look at one of the most incredible private sector achievements in history, Moonshot recounts the intensive nine months in 2020 when the . The leaders [behind the vaccine]: One was a Turkish Muslim that immigrated to Germany. Sept 24 (Reuters) - Pfizer Inc (PFE.N) Chief Executive Officer Albert Bourla said on Saturday he had tested positive for COVID-19. Butalsowe are working on multiple other targets,creating vaccines for other infectious diseases. It is thatwhen it comes to leadership,peopledont know what they can and cannot do and, if anything, they have a severe tendency to underestimate what they can achieve. A lot of our discussions were going really, really to the bottom of what is happening and what would be the best way to address them. In the United States,it was impossible to do that because there was so much animation andpolarization,and COVID-19was at the epicenter of the debate. [40], In 2020, he was ranked as America's top CEO in the pharmaceutical industry by Institutional Investor. Clearly, there will be an issue, which is the cost, and I think thats the biggest issue that we are going to face. The other thing that I learned, because that gave me the opportunity to speak with a lot of leaders You realize that they are human beings. FREDERICK KEMPE:Youve seen,in thesetwenty-seven,twenty-eightyears at Pfizer,the company evolve. ' We are moving at the speed of science, ' he said. Bourla and the Pfizer-BioNTech team were guided by a sense of purpose to relieve the world of this terrible pandemic and the destruction it has caused. If youre the pharmaceutical industry and youre worried about where this is going to take you, then you support the party that opposes price interventions, Blendon said. [3], He held multiple executive roles at Zoetis (then known as Animal Health) and other divisions of Pfizer. Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla in Puurs, Belgium, Friday, April 23, 2021. ALBERT BOURLA:Yeah. In an interview with CNBC News in September 2020, Dr. Albert Bourla, the veterinarian Chief Executive Officer of Pfizer the second largest pharmaceutical company in the world by revenue said that anyone refusing to take the BioNTech vaccine will become "the weak link that will allow the virus to replicate", and . I hope so. Improvac is an immunocastration product for male pigs with the goal to reduce boar taint. These are just three of the very hot cutting-edge technological fronts that right now we are working on. The CEO of Pfizer on Developing a Vaccine in Record Time. C-SPAN, an acronym for Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network, is an American cable television network that offers coverage of federal government proceedings and other public affairs programming via its three television channels (C-SPAN, C-SPAN2 and C-SPAN3), one radio station and a group of. But then I said I need to talk to their CEO, and I called Uur and that was the first time that we spoke on the phone. [32][33][34], In January 2020, Bourla assumed the additional post of executive chairman, upon the retirement of Ian Read. until now." Jerome doesn't. Below, edited for length and clarity, isBourlasconversation with Frederick Kempe, president and CEO of the Atlantic Council. [9][10] 12 rams were devided into two groups, 6 rams received melatonin implants. [3], After he was awarded the Genesis Prize by Israeli President Isaac Herzog for his leadership in delivering the PfizerBioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, he directed the $1 million prize to Holocaust education and the Holocaust Museum of Greece to be built in Thessaloniki. Spokespersons for Merck and AbbVie didnt return requests for comment. FREDERICK KEMPE:And whats most promising among those? UkraineAlert sources analysis and commentary from a wide-array of thought-leaders, politicians, experts, and activists from Ukraine and the global community. It is because of the work of my predecessor that I did all of that. Everything can be done. FREDERICK KEMPE:And part of this was an agreement with, I believe,theBiden administration and the US government, in whichyou provided atcost,and they are providing to certain countries at no cost. [46], Bourla is a member of The Business Council, an organization of business leaders headquartered in Washington, D.C.,[47] and the Business Roundtable, a group of chief executives of major U.S. corporations established to promote pro-business public policy. Theyre not bad people.

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